Organic compound conversion over ZSM-23

ABSTRACT

Catalytic conversion of organic compounds in the presence of crystalline zeolite ZSM-23, or a thermal decomposition product thereof, is provided. Zeolite ZSM-23 has a composition, in the anhydrous state, expressed in terms of mole ratios ofoxides, as follows: 
     
         (0.58 to 3.4)M.sub.2/n O : Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : (40 to 25)SiO.sub.2 
    
     wherein M is at least one cation having a valence n, and is characterized by a specified X-ray powder diffraction pattern.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 739,414, filedNov. 8, 1976, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,076,842, which was acontinuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 585,632, filed June 10,1975, now abandoned.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to organic compound, e.g. hydrocarbon compound,conversion in the presence of a novel crystalline aluminosilicatezeolite designated "ZSM-23".

2. Description of the Prior Art

Zeolitic materials, both natural and synthetic, have been demonstratedin the past to have catalytic properties for various types ofhydrocarbon conversions. Certain zeolitic materials are ordered, porouscrystalline aluminosilicates having a definite crystalline structurewithin which there are a large number of smaller cavities which may beinterconnected by a number of still smaller channels. Since thedimensions of these pores are such as to accept for adsorption moleculesof certain dimensions while rejection those of larger dimensions, thesematerials have come to be known as "molecular sieves" and are utilizedin a variety of ways to take advantage of these properties.

Such molecular sieves, both natural and synthetic, include a widevariety of positive ion-containing cyrstalline aluminosilicates. Thesealuminosilicates can be described as a rigid three-dimensional frameworkof SiO₄ and AlO₄ in which the tetrahedra are cross-linied by the sharingof oxygen atoms whereby the ratio of the total aluminum and siliconatoms to oxygen is 1:2. The electrovalence of the tetrahedra containingaluminum is balanced by the inclusion in the crystal of a cation, forexample, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal cation. This can beexpressed wherein the ratio of aluminum to the number of variouscations, such as Ca/2, Sr/2, Na, K or Li is equal to unity. One type ofcation may be exchanged either entirely or partially by another type ofcation utilizing ion exchange techniques in a conventional manner. Bymeans of such cation exchange, it has been possible to vary theproperties of a given aluminosilicate by suitable selection of thecation. The spaces between the tetrahedra are occupied by molecules ofwater prior to dehydration.

Prior art techniques have resulted in the formation of a great varietyof synthetic aluminosilicates. These aluminosilicates have come to bedesignated by letter or other convenient symbols, as illustrated byzeolite A (U.S. Pat. No. 2,882,243), zeolite X (U.S. Pat. No.2,882,244), zeolite Y (U.S. Pat. No. 3,130,007), zeolite ZK-5 (U.S. Pat.No. 3,247,195), zeolite ZK-4 (U.S. Pat. No. 3,314,752) and zeolite ZSM-5(U.S. Pat. No. 3,702,886) merely to name a few.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the use of a synthetic crystallinealuminosilicate, hereinafter designated "zeolite ZSM-23" or simply"ZSM-23" as a catalyst for conversion of organic compounds. The ZSM-23composition has a characteristic X-ray diffraction pattern, the valuesof which are set forth in Table I, hereinafter. The ZSM-23 compositioncan also be identified, in terms of mole ratios of oxides and in theanhydrous state, as follows:

    (0.58 to 3.4)M.sub.2/n O : Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : (40 to 250)SiO.sub.2

wherein M is at least one cation and n is the valence thereof. It willbe noticed that the ratio of M_(2/n) O may exceed unity in thismaterial. This is probably due to the occlusion of excess organicspecies, used in the preparation of ZSM-23, within the zeolite pores.

In a preferred synthesized form, the zeolite has a formula, in terms ofmole ratios of oxides and in the anhydrous state, as follows:

    (0.5 to 3.0)R.sub.2 O : (0.08 to 0.4)M.sub.2 O : Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : (40 to 250)SiO.sub.2

wherein R is a nitrogen-containing organic cation and M is an alkalimetal cation. It will be noticed that in this preferred form the ratioof R₂ O to Al₂ O₃ may exceed unity, probably due to the occlusion ofexcess nitrogen-containing organic species (R₂ O) within the zeolitepores.

In a more preferred synthesized form, the zeolite has a formula, interms of mole ratios of oxides and in the anhydrous state, as follows:

    (0.7 to 2.8)R.sub.2 O : (0.08 to 0.25)M.sub.2 O : Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : (50 to 220)SiO.sub.2

wherein R is a nitrogen-containing organic cation, such as, for example,that derived from pyrrolidine and M is an alkali metal cation,especially sodium.

The original cations of the as synthesized ZSM-23 can be replaced inaccordance with techniques well known in the art, at least in part, byion exchange with other cations. Preferred replacing cations includemetal ions, ammonium ions, hydrogen ions and mixtures thereof.Particularly preferred cations are those which render the zeolitecatalytically active especially for hydrocarbon conversion. Theseinclude hydrogen, rare earth metals, and metals of Groups IIA, IIIA,IVA, VIII, IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB and VIB of the Periodic Table of Elements.

The synthetic ZSM-23 zeolite possesses a definite distinguishingcrystalline structure whose X-ray diffraction pattern showssubstantially the significant lines set forth in Table I.

                  TABLE I                                                         ______________________________________                                        d(A)                 I/Io                                                     ______________________________________                                        11.2  ± 0.23      Medium                                                   10.1  ± 0.20      Weak                                                     7.87 ± 0.15       Weak                                                     5.59 ± 0.10       Weak                                                     5.44 ± 0.10       Weak                                                     4.90 ± 0.10       Weak                                                     4.53 ± 0.10       Strong                                                   3.90 ± 0.08       Very Strong                                              3.72 ± 0.08       Very Strong                                              3.62 ± 0.07       Very Strong                                              3.54 ± 0.07       Medium                                                   3.44 ± 0.07       Strong                                                   3.36 ± 0.07       Weak                                                     3.16 ± 0.07       Weak                                                     3.05 ± 0.06       Weak                                                     2.99 ± 0.06       Weak                                                     2.85 ± 0.06       Weak                                                     2.54 ± 0.05       Medium                                                   2.47 ± 0.05       Weak                                                     2.40 ± 0.05       Weak                                                     2.34 ± 0.05       Weak                                                     ______________________________________                                    

These values were determined by standard technique. The radiation wasthe K-alpha doublet of copper, and a scintillation counter spectrometerwith a strip chart pen recorder was used. The peak heights, I, and thepositions as a function of 2 times theta, where theta is the Braggangle, were read from the spectrometer chart. From these, the relativeintensities, 100 I/Io, where Io is the intensity of the strongest lineor peak, and d (obs.), the interplanar spacing in Angstrom units,corresponding to the recorded lines, were calculated. It should beunderstood that this X-ray diffraction pattern is characteristic of allthe species of ZSM-23 compositions. Ion exchange of the sodium ion withcations reveals substantially the same pattern with some minor shifts ininterplanar spacing and variation in relative intensity. Other minorvariations can occur depending on the silicon to aluminum ratio of theparticular sample, as well as if it has previously been subjected tothermal treatment.

While synthetic ZSM-23 zeolites may be used in a wide variety of organiccompound conversion reactions, they are notably useful in the processesof polymerization, aromatization, reforming, esterification andcracking. Other hydrocarbon conversion processes for which ZSM-23 may beutilized in one or more of its active forms include, for example,hydrocracking and converting light aliphatics to aromatics such as inU.S. Pat. No. 3,760,024.

Synthetic ZSM-23 zeolites can be used either in the alkali metalcontaining form, the alkali metal form and hydrogen form or anotherunivalent or multivalent cationic form. They can also be used inintimate combination with a hydrogenating component such as tungsten,vanadium, molybdenum, rhenium, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, or anoble metal such as platinum or palladium where ahydrogenation-dehydrogenation function is to be performed. Combinationsof the aforenoted metals may also be used. Such components can beexchanged into the composition, impregnated thereon or physicallyintimately admixed therewith. Such components can be impregnated in oron to ZSM-23 such as, for example, by, in the case of platinum, treatingthe zeolite with a platinum metal-containing ion. Thus, suitableplatinum compounds for this purpose include chloroplatinic acid,platinous chloride and various compounds containing the platinum aminecomplex. Combinations of metals and methods for their introduction canalso be used.

As prepared, R can be a cation derived from pyrrolidine present in aquantity not less than 70 percent of the cation content.

M can be one or more of a variety of alkali metal cations, suitablydefined as including all alkali metal ions derived from alkali metaloxide or hydroxide as well as alkali metal ions included in alkali metalsilicates and aluminates (not including alkali metal salts such assodium chloride or sodium sulfate which may be derived fromneutralization of added inorganic acids such as HCl or H₂ SO₄ or acidsalts such as Al₂ (SO₄)₃). Non-limiting examples of such suitable alkalimetal ions include sodium and potassium.

Zeolite ZSM-23 can be synthesized by preparing a solution containingsources of an alkali metal oxide, preferably sodium oxide, sources ofnitrogen-containing cation, preferably pyrrolidine, an oxide ofaluminum, an oxide of silicon and water and having a composition, interms of mole ratios of oxides, falling within the following ranges:

    ______________________________________                                        R.sup.+                                                                       ______________________________________                                        R.sup.+ + M.sup.+                                                                            0.85 - 0.95                                                    OH.sup.- /SiO.sub.2                                                                           0.01 - 0.049                                                  H.sub.2 O/OH.sup.-                                                                           200 - 600                                                      SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3                                                                  55 - 70                                                        ______________________________________                                    

wherein R is an organic nitrogen-containing cation and M is an alkalimetal ion, and maintaining the mixture until crystals of the zeolite areformed. (The quantity of OH⁻ is calculated only from the inorganicsources of alkali without any organic base contribution). Thereafter,the crystals are separated from the liquid and recovered, as by coolingthe whole to room temperature, filtering and washing. Typical reactionconditions consist of heating the foregoing reaction mixture to atemperature above about 135° C to about 205° C for a period of time offrom about 6 hours to about 14 days. A more preferred temperature rangeis from about 148° to about 190° C with the amount of time at atemperature in such range being from about 24 hours to about 11 days.

Synthetic ZSM-23, when employed as a catalyst in an organic compound,e.g. hydrocarbon compound, conversion process, should be dehydrated atleast partially. This can be done by thermal treatment, i.e. heating, toa temperature in the range of 50° to about 900° C in an atmosphere suchas air, nitrogen, etc. and at atmospheric or subatmospheric pressuresfor between 1 and 48 hours. Dehydration can also be performed at lowertemperature merely by placing the catalyst in a vacuum, but a longertime is required to obtain a sufficient amount of dehydration.

The composition for the synthesis of synthetic ZSM-23 can be preparedutilizing materials which can supply the appropriate oxide. Suchcompositions include aluminates, alumina, silicates, silica hydrosol,silica gel, silicic acid and hydroxides. It will be understood that eachoxide component utilized in the reaction mixture for preparing ZSM-23can be supplied by one or more essential reactants and they can be mixedtogether in any order. For example, sodium oxide can be supplied by anaqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or by an aqueous solution of asuitable silicate; the cation derived from pyrrolidine can be eithersupplied by pyrrolidine or a salt thereof. The reaction mixture can beprepared either batchwise or continuously. Crystal size andcrystallization time of the ZSM-23 composition will vary with the natureof the reaction mixture employed.

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

Synthetic ZSM-23 for use herein can have the original cations associatedtherewith replaced by a wide variety of other cations according totechniques well known in the art. Typical replacing cations includehydrogen, ammonium and metal cations including mixtures thereof. Of thereplacing metallic cations, particular preference is given to cations ofmetals such as rare earth, Mn, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cd, Pd, Ni, Co, Ti, Al, Sn,Fe and Cu.

A typical ion exchange technique would be to contact the syntheticZSM-23 zeolite with a salt of the desired replacing cation or cations.Although a wide variety of salts can be employed, particular preferenceis given to chlorides, nitrates and sulfates.

Representative ion exchange techniques are disclosed in a wide varietyof patents including U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,140,249; 3,140,251; and 3,140,253.

Following contact with the salt solution of the desired replacingcation, the zeolite is then preferably washed with water and dried at atemperature ranging from 50° to about 300° C and thereafter may becalcined in air or other inert gas at from about 200° C to a temperaturebelow the zeolite decomposition temperature, preferably about 900° C,for periods of time ranging from 1 to 48 hours or more to produce acatalytically-active thermal decomposition product thereof.

Regardless of the cations replacing the alkali metal in the synthesizedform of the ZSM-23, the spacial arrangement of the aluminum, silicon andoxygen atoms which form the basic crystal lattices of ZSM-23 remainsessentially unchanged by the described replacement of alkali metal asdetermined by taking an X-ray powder diffraction pattern of theion-exchanged material.

The aluminosilicate prepared by the instant invention is formed in awide variety of particle sizes. Generally speaking, the particles can bein the form of a powder, a granule, or a molded product, such asextrudate having particle size sufficient to pass through a 2 mesh(Tyler) screen and be retained on a 400 mesh (Tyler) screen. In caseswhere the catalyst is molded, such as by extrusion, the aluminosilicatecan be extruded before drying or dried or partially dried and thenextruded.

In the case of many catalysts, it is desired to incorporate the ZSM-23with another material resistant to the temperatures and other conditionsemployed in organic conversion processes. Such matrix materials includeactive and inactive materials and synthetic or naturally occurringzeolites as well as inorganic materials such as clays, silica and/ormetal oxides. The latter may be either naturally occurring or in theform of gelatinous precipitates, sols or gels including mixtures ofsilica and metal oxides. Use of a material in conjunction with theZSM-23, i.e. combined therewith, which is active, tends to improve theconversion and/or selectivity of the catalyst in certain organicconversion processes. Inactive materials suitably serve as diluents tocontrol the amount of conversion in a given process so that products canbe obtained economically and orderly without employing other means forcontrolling the rate of reaction. Frequently, zeolite materials havebeen incorporated into naturally occurring clays, e.g., bentonite andkaolin. These materials, i.e., clays, oxides, etc., function, in part,as binders for the catalyst. It is desirable to provide a catalysthaving good crush strength, because in a petroleum refinery the catalystis often subjected to rough handling, which tends to break the catalystdown into powder-like materials which cause problems in processing.

Naturally occurring clays which can be composited with the syntheticZSM-23 catalyst include the montmorillonite and kaolin families whichinclude the sub-bentonites, and the kaolins commonly known as Dixie,McNamee, Georgia and Florida clays, or others in which the main mineralconstituents are halloysite, kaolinite, dickite, nacrite, or anauxite.Such clays can be used in the raw state as originally mined or initiallysubjected to calcination, acid treatment or chemical modification.

In addition to the foregoing materials, the ZSM-23 catalyst can becomposited with a porous matrix material such as silica-alumina,silica-magnesia, silica-zirconia, silica-thoria, silica-beryllia,silica-titania as well as ternary compositions such assilica-alumina-thoria, silica-alumina-zirconia, silica-alumina-magnesiaand silica-magnesia-zirconia. The matrix can be in the form of a cogel.A mixture of these components could also be used. The relativeproportions of finely divided crystalline aluminosilicate ZSM-23 andinorganic oxide gel matrix vary widely with the crystallinealuminosilicate content ranging from about 1 to about 90 precent byweight and more usually in the range of about 2 to about 70 percent byweight of the composite.

In general, organic compounds, e.g., hydrocarbon compounds, may becatalytically converted in the presence of the ZSM-23 catalyst material,including the product of thermal treatment thereof, over a range ofcatalytic conversion conditions, including a reaction temperature offrom about 35° to about 650° C, preferably from about 200° to about 540°C, a reaction pressure of from atmospheric to about 10,000 psig,preferably from about atmospheric to about 3,500 psig, and a mole ratioof added hydrogen/organic compound of from 0 to about 20, preferablyfrom 0 to about 10. When the conversion is conducted in a flowapparatus, e.g., a down-flow reactor, or under conditions comparable tothose existing in a flow apparatus, the weight hourly space velocity(WHSV) should be maintained at between about 0.1 to about 50 hr⁻¹,preferably between about 0.5 and about 10 hr⁻¹. When the conversion isconducted in a batch apparatus, e.g., a stirred batch reactor, or underconditions comparable to those existing in a batch apparatus, thecontact time should be maintained at between about 0.01 hour and about48 hours, preferably between about 0.1 hour and about 24 hours.

In particular, when the conversion of organic compounds by the presentmethod is olefin polymerization, catalytic conversion conditions shouldbe maintained within certain critical ranges, including a temperature offrom about 35° to about 500° C, preferably from about 200° to about 430°C, a pressure of from about atmospheric to about 4,000 psig, preferablyfrom about atmospheric to about 2,000 psig, a WSHV (when a flowoperation) of from about 0.1 to about 50 hr⁻¹, preferably from about 0.5to about 10 hr⁻¹, a contact time (when a batch operation) of from about0.1 hour to about 48 hours, preferably from about 0.5 hour to about 24hours and a mole ratio of added hydrogen/organic compound (i.e., olefin)of from 0 to about 20, preferably from 0 to about 10.

When the conversion is olefin or paraffin aromatization, catalyticconversion conditions should be maintained within critical ranges,including a temperature of from about 315° to about 650° C, preferablyfrom about 425° to about 540° C, a pressure of from 15 psig to about10,000 psig, preferably from about 15 psig to about 2,000 psig, a WSHV(when a flow operation) of from about 0.1 to about 10 hr⁻¹, preferablyfrom about 0.5 to about 5 hr⁻¹, a contact time (when a batch operation)of from about 0.1 to about 48 hours, preferably from about 1 hour toabout 24 hours and a mole ratio of added hydrogen/organic compound(i.e., olefin or paraffin) of from 0 to about 20, preferably from 0 toabout 10.

Further, when the conversion is cracking, catalytic conversionconditions should be maintained within certain critical ranges,including a temperature of from about 370° to about 650° C, preferablyfrom about 425° to about 540° C, a pressure of from about atmospheric toabout 200 psig, a WHSV (when a flow operation) of from about 0.5 toabout 50 hr⁻¹, preferably from about 1 to about 10 hr⁻¹, and a contacttime (when a batch operation) of from about 0.01 to about 24 hours,preferably from about 0.1 to about 10 hours. When the conversion ishydrocracking, catalytic conversion conditions should be maintainedwithin somewhat different ranges, including a temperature of from about200° to about 540° C, preferably from about 260° to about 455° C, apressure of from about 100 to about 3500 psig, a WHSV (when a flowoperation) of from about 0.1 to about 10 hr⁻¹, preferably from about 0.2to about 5 hr⁻¹, a contact time (when a batch operation) of from about0.1 to about 10 hours, preferably from about 0.2 to about 5 hours and amole ratio of added hydrogen/organic compound of from about 1 to about20, preferably from about 3 to about 10.

In order to more fully illustrate the nature of the invention and themanner of practicing same, the following examples are presented.

In the examples which follow, whenever adsorption data are set forth forcomparison of sorptive capacities for water, cyclohexane and n-hexane,they were determined as follows:

A weighed sample of calcined zeolite was contacted with the desired pureadsorbate vapor in an adsorption chamber, evacuated to 12 mm whenchecking capacity for water and 20 mm when checking capacity forcyclohexane and n-hexane, pressures less than the vapor-liquidequilibrium pressure of the respective adsorbate at room temperature.The pressure was kept constant (within about ± 0.5 mm) by addition ofadsorbate vapor controlled by a manostat during the adsorption periodwhich did not exceed about eight hours. As adsorbate was adsorbed by thezeolite, the decrease in pressure caused the manostat to open a valvewhich admitted more adsorbate vapor to the chamber to restore the abovecontrol pressures. Sorption was complete when the pressure change wasnot sufficient to activate the manostat. The increase in weight wascalculated as the adsorption capacity of the sample.

EXAMPLE 1

Illustrating preparation of synthetic zeolite ZSM-23, a first solutioncomprising 3.3. grams sodium aluminate (43.1% Al₂ O₃, 33.1% Na₂ O and24.7% H₂ O), 30 grams H₂ O and 0.34 gram NaOH (50% solution with water)was prepared. Pyrrolidine in an amount of 18.2 grams was added to thefirst solution to form a second solution. Thereupon 164.8 grams ofcolloidal silica (30% SiO₂ and 70% H₂ O) was added to the secondsolution and mixed until a homogeneous gel was formed. The gel wascomposed of the following components in mole ratios: ##EQU1##

The mixture was maintained at 179° C for 7 days, during which timecrystallization was complete. The product crystals were filtered out ofsolution and water washed continuously for approximately 16 hours andthereafter dried at 110° C.

X-ray analysis of the crystalline product showed the crystals to havethe following diffraction pattern:

                  TABLE II                                                        ______________________________________                                        2θ     d(A)          I/Io                                               ______________________________________                                        7.90         11.19         47                                                 8.78         10.07         24                                                 9.30         9.51          3                                                  11.25        7.86          15                                                 11.80        7.50          4                                                  13.83        6.40          4                                                  14.40        6.15          4                                                  14.70        6.03          6                                                  15.53        5.71          5                                                  15.88        5.58          6                                                  16.29        5.44          6                                                  17.20        5.16          2                                                  17.73        5.00          5                                                  18.08        4.91          10                                                 19.55        4.54          54                                                 19.93        4.45          15                                                 20.30        4.37          15                                                 20.78        4.27          73                                                 21.30        4.17          21                                                 21.59        4.12          23                                                 21.86        4.07          50                                                 22.78        3.90          100                                                23.23        3.83          31                                                 23.84        3.73          79                                                 24.50        3.63          58                                                 25.12        3.54          33                                                 25.82        3.45          40                                                 26.43        3.37          6                                                  26.86        3.32          6                                                  28.14        3.17          9                                                  29.23        3.06          7                                                  29.82        2.996         7                                                  30.23        2.956         2                                                  31.38        2.851         12                                                 32.12        2.787         2                                                  32.78        2.732         1                                                  33.95        2.640         4                                                  34.37        2.609         3                                                  35.38        2.537         29                                                 36.00        2.495         13                                                 36.34        2.472         12                                                 36.75        2.445         6                                                  37.45        2.401         6                                                  38.41        2.344         8                                                  38.89        2.316         2                                                  40.23        2.242         2                                                  41.00        2.201         1                                                  41.55        2.173         1                                                  42.27        2.138         1                                                  42.67        2.119         1                                                  43.19        2.095         2                                                  43.55        2.078         4                                                  43.95        2.060         3                                                  44.26        2.046         4                                                  44.65        2.029         7                                                  45.00        2.014         4                                                  45.26        2.003         3                                                  45.53        1.992         4                                                  46.00        1.973         1                                                  46.32        1.960         4                                                  46.73        1.944         2                                                  47.07        1.931         4                                                  47.55        1.912         4                                                  48.00        1.895         3                                                  48.40        1.881         6                                                  48.85        1.864         7                                                  49.26        1.850         3                                                  49.80        1.831         2                                                  ______________________________________                                    

Chemical analysis of the crystalline product led to the followingcompositional figures:

    ______________________________________                                                                   Mole Ratio on                                      Composition Wt. %          Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 Basis                             ______________________________________                                        N           0.48           --                                                 Na          0.09           --                                                 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3                                                                          2.61            1.0                                               SiO.sub.2   92.8           60.6                                               N.sub.2 O                  2.13                                               Na.sub.2 O                 0.08                                               ______________________________________                                    

Physical analysis of the crystalline product of Example 1 calcined 16hours at 538° C showed it to have a surface area of 218 m² /gram andadsorption tests (conducted as described hereinabove) produced thefollowing results:

    ______________________________________                                               Adsorption                                                                             Wt. %                                                         ______________________________________                                               Cyclohexane                                                                            1.4                                                                  n-Hexane 5.3                                                                  Water    5.5                                                           ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 2

A batch of ZSM-23 was prepared by first forming a solution of 2.64 gramssodium aluminate (43.1% Al₂ O₃, 33.1% Na₂ O and 24.7% H₂ O), 48 grams H₂O and 0.27 gram NaOH (50% solution with water). Then 28.8 grams ofpyrrolidine were added to the above solution, followed by the additionof 132 grams of colloidal silica (30% SiO₂ and 70% H₂ O). The resultingproduct was mixed until a homogeneous gel was formed. The gel wascomposed of the following components in mole ratios: ##EQU2##

The mixture was maintained at 177° C for 7 days, during which timecrystallization was complete. The product crystals were filtered out ofsolution and water washed continuously for approximately 16 hours andthen dried at 110° C.

X-ray analysis of the crystalline product showed the crystals to have adiffraction pattern corresponding to Table I. Additional lines showingthe presence of trace amounts of ZSM-5 were also observed.

Chemical analysis of the crystalline product led to the followingcompositional figures:

    ______________________________________                                                                   Mole Ratio on                                      Composition Wt. %          Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 Basis                             ______________________________________                                        N           1.22           --                                                 Na          0.14           --                                                 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3                                                                          2.5            1.0                                                SiO.sub.2   92.9           63.3                                               N.sub.2 O                  1.93                                               Na.sub.2 O                 0.12                                               ______________________________________                                    

Physical analysis of the crystalline product after calcination at 538° Cfor 16 hours showed it to have a surface area of 226 m² /gram andadsorption tests (conducted as described hereinabove) produced thefollowing results:

    ______________________________________                                               Adsorption                                                                             Wt. %                                                         ______________________________________                                               Cyclohexane                                                                            1.7                                                                  n-Hexane 5.6                                                                  Water    6.2                                                           ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 3

A batch of ZSM-23 was prepared by first forming a solution of 2.64 gramssodium aluminate (43.1% Al₂ O₃, 33.1% Na₂ O and 24.7% H₂ O), 48 grams H₂O and 0.27 gram NaOH (50% solution with water). Then 28.8 grams ofpyrrolidine were added to the above solution, followed by the additionof 132 grams of colloidal silica (30% SiO₂ and 70% H₂ O). The resultingproduct was mixed until a homogeneous gel was formed. The gel wascomposed of the following components in mole ratios: ##EQU3##

The mixture was maintained at 177° C for 11 days, during which timecrystallization was complete. The product crystals were filtered out ofsolution and water washed continuously for approximately 16 hours andthereafter dried at 110° C.

X-ray analysis of the crystalline product showed the crystals to havethe following diffraction pattern:

                  TABLE III                                                       ______________________________________                                        2θ     d(A)          I/I.sub.o                                          ______________________________________                                        7.90         11.19         38                                                 8.75         10.11         20                                                 9.23         9.58          5                                                  11.22        7.89          16                                                 11.85        7.47          3                                                  14.30        6.19          2                                                  14.50        6.11          4                                                  14.70        6.03          3                                                  15.51        5.71          4                                                  15.80        5.61          6                                                  16.10        5.50          3                                                  16.25        5.45          5                                                  17.20        5.16          1                                                  17.80        4.98          5                                                  18.10        4.90          11                                                 19.60        4.53          51                                                 20.00        4.44          9                                                  20.83        4.26          70                                                 21.40        4.15          11                                                 21.60        4.10          17                                                 21.91        4.06          30                                                 22.78        3.90          100                                                23.28        3.82          19                                                 23.87        3.73          77                                                 24.55        3.63          58                                                 25.18        3.54          34                                                 25.85        3.45          42                                                 26.50        3.36          6                                                  26.90        3.31          7                                                  28.19        3.17          8                                                  28.90        3.09          1                                                  29.29        3.05          6                                                  29.58        3.02          1                                                  29.95        2.983         5                                                  31.38        2.851         9                                                  31.64        2.828         4                                                  32.15        2.784         2                                                  32.95        2.718         1                                                  33.95        2.640         4                                                  34.55        2.596         2                                                  35.39        2.536         28                                                 36.00        2.495         8                                                  36.40        2.468         7                                                  37.13        2.421         4                                                  37.53        2.396         6                                                  38.45        2.341         8                                                  39.04        2.307         3                                                  40.10        2.249         1                                                  40.50        2.227         1                                                  41.00        2.201         2                                                  41.30        2.186         1                                                  41.58        2.172         1                                                  42.29        2.137         1                                                  42.60        2.122         1                                                  43.56        2.078         3                                                  44.13        2.052         4                                                  44.66        2.029         7                                                  45.22        2.005         2                                                  45.56        1.991         3                                                  46.33        1.960         4                                                  46.74        1.943         1                                                  47.09        1.930         2                                                  47.44        1.916         4                                                  47.87        1.900         3                                                  48.33        1.883         4                                                  48.92        1.862         7                                                  49.55        1.840         1                                                  49.83        1.830         2                                                  ______________________________________                                    

Chemical analysis of the crystalline product led to the followingcompositional figures:

    ______________________________________                                                                   Mole Ratio on                                      Composition Wt. %          Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 Basis                             ______________________________________                                        N           1.33           --                                                 Na          0.12           --                                                 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3                                                                          2.43            1.0                                               SiO.sub.2   96.2           67.3                                               N.sub.2 O                  2.18                                               Na.sub.2 O                 0.11                                               ______________________________________                                    

Physical analysis of the crystalline product after calcination for 16hours at 538° C showed it to have a surface area of 195 m² /gram andadsorption tests (conducted as described hereinabove) produced thefollowing results:

    ______________________________________                                               Adsorption                                                                             Wt. %                                                         ______________________________________                                               Cyclohexane                                                                            1.3                                                                  n-Hexane 5.6                                                                  Water    4.0                                                           ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 4

A batch of ZSM-23 was prepared by first forming a solution of 2.64 gramssodium aluminate (43.1% Al₂ O₃, 33.1% Na₂ O and 24.7% H₂ O), 48 grams H₂O and 0.50 grams NaOH (50% solution with water). Then 20.0 grams ofpyrrolidine were added to the above solution, followed by the additionof 132 grams of colloidal silica (30% SiO₂ and 70% H₂ O). The resultingproduct was mixed until a homogeneous gel was formed. The gel wascomposed of the following components in mole ratios: ##EQU4##

The mixture was maintained at 177° C for 10 days, during which timecrystallization was complete. The product crystals were filtered out ofsolution and water washed continuously for approximately 16 hours andthen dried at 110° C.

X-ray analysis of the crystalline product showed the crystals to have adiffraction pattern corresponding to Table I. Additional lines showingthe presence of trace amounts of ZSM-5 were also observed.

Chemical analysis of the crystalline product led to the followingcompositional figures:

    ______________________________________                                                                   Mole Ratio on                                      Composition Wt. %          Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 Basis                             ______________________________________                                        N           1.21           --                                                 Na          0.26           --                                                 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3                                                                          2.53            1.0                                               SiO.sub.2   94.4           63.4                                               N.sub.2 O                  1.92                                               Na.sub.2 O                 0.23                                               ______________________________________                                    

Physical analysis of the crystalline product after calcination for 16hours at 538° C showed it to have a surface area of 199 m² /gram andadsorption tests (conducted as described hereinabove) produced thefollowing results:

    ______________________________________                                               Adsorption                                                                             Wt. %                                                         ______________________________________                                               Cyclohexane                                                                            1.0                                                                  n-Hexane 5.7                                                                  Water    4.2                                                           ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 5

ZSM-23 was prepared by forming a solution of 2.64 grams sodium aluminate(43.1% Al₂ O₃, 33.1% Na₂ O and 24.7% H₂ O) and 50 grams H₂ O. Then, 28.8grams of pyrrolidine were added to this solution, followed by theaddition of 132 grams of colloidal silica (30% SiO₂ and 70% H₂ O). Theresulting product was mixed until a homogeneous gel was formed. The gelwas composed of the following components in mole ratios: ##EQU5##

The mixture was maintained at 177° C for 13 days, during which timecrystallization was complete. The product crystals were filtered out ofsolution and water washed continuously for approximately 16 hours andthen dried at 110° C.

X-ray analysis of the crystalline product showed the crystals to have adiffraction pattern corresponding to Table I. Additional lines showingthe presence of ZSM-5 and alpha crystobalite were also observed.

Chemical analysis of the crystalline product led to the followingcompositional figures:

    ______________________________________                                                                  Mole Ratio on                                       Composition    Wt. %      Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 Basis                              ______________________________________                                        N              1.47       --                                                  Na             0.13       --                                                  Al.sub.2 O.sub.3                                                                             2.4        1.0                                                 SiO.sub.2      94.2       66.8                                                N.sub.2 O                 2.44                                                Na.sub.2 O                0.12                                                ______________________________________                                    

Physical analysis of the crystalline product after calcination for 16hours at 538° C showed it to have a surface area of 235 m² /gram andadsorption tests (conducted as described hereinabove) provided thefollowing results:

    ______________________________________                                        Adsorption             Wt. %                                                  ______________________________________                                        Cyclohexane            1.7                                                    n-Hexane               5.4                                                    Water                  3.2                                                    ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 6

ZSM-23 was prepared by forming a solution of 1.32 grams sodium aluminate(43.1% Al₂ O₃, 33.1% Na₂ O and 24.7% H₂ O), 0.14 gram NaOH (50% solutionwith water) and 60 grams of H₂ O containing 0.1 weight percent of asurfactant, i.e. 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol. Then, 14.4 gramsof pyrrolidine were added to the above solution, followed by theaddition of 66 grams of colloidal silica (30% silica and 70% H₂ O). Theresulting product was mixed until a homogeneous gel was formed. The gelwas composed of the following components in mole ratios: ##EQU6##

The mixture was maintained at 177° C for 10 days, during which timecrystallization was complete. The product crystals were filtered out ofsolution and water washed continuously for approximately 16 hours andthen dried at 110° C.

X-ray analysis of the crystalline product showed the crystals to havethe following diffraction pattern:

                  TABLE IV                                                        ______________________________________                                        2θ        d(A)         I/Io                                             ______________________________________                                        7.74            11.42        20                                               8.03            11.01        45                                               8.76            10.09        18                                               9.25            9.56         6                                                11.26           7.86         18                                               14.57           6.08         4                                                15.53           5.71         2                                                15.87           5.58         4                                                16.3            5.43         8                                                17.26           5.14         1                                                17.70           5.01         3                                                18.10           4.90         12                                               18.89           4.70         2                                                19.60           4.53         60                                               20.02           4.44         18                                               20.41           4.35         11                                               20.84           4.26         75                                               21.41           4.15         26                                               21.66           4.10         27                                               21.93           4.05         21                                               22.76           3.91         100                                              23.48           3.79         19                                               23.95           3.72         79                                               24.57           3.62         71                                               25.20           3.53         40                                               25.87           3.44         45                                               26.61           3.35         7                                                27.00           3.30         8                                                28.25           3.16         11                                               28.88           3.09         2                                                29.34           3.04         6                                                29.92           2.986        5                                                31.55           2.836        10                                               32.19           2.781        2                                                33.00           2.714        1                                                34.02           2.635        4                                                34.52           2.598        2                                                35.45           2.532        29                                               35.95           2.498        9                                                36.40           2.468        13                                               37.03           2.428        3                                                37.56           2.395        5                                                38.55           2.335        9                                                41.00           2.201        1                                                43.64           2.074        4                                                44.23           2.048        4                                                44.75           2.025        6                                                45.57           1.991        2                                                46.46           1.954        3                                                47.24           1.924        3                                                47.73           1.905        4                                                48.34           1.883        4                                                49.02           1.858        7                                                49.76           1.832        1                                                ______________________________________                                    

Chemical analysis of the crystalline product led to the followingcompositional figures:

    ______________________________________                                                                  Mole Ratio on                                       Composition    Wt. %      Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 Basis                              ______________________________________                                        N              1.27                                                           Na             0.20                                                           Al.sub.2 O.sub.3                                                                             2.89       1.0                                                 SiO.sub.2      93.7       55.1                                                N.sub.2 O                 1.73                                                Na.sub.2 O                0.15                                                ______________________________________                                    

Physical analysis of the crystalline product after calcination for 16hours at 538° C showed it to have a surface area of 213 m² /gram andadsorption tests (conducted as described hereinabove) provided thefollowing results:

    ______________________________________                                        Adsorption             Wt.%                                                   ______________________________________                                        Cyclohexane            2.2                                                    n-Hexane               4.5                                                    Water                  5.1                                                    ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 7

ZSM-23 was prepared by forming a solution of 18.5 grams sodium aluminate(43.1% Al₂ O₃, 33.1% Na₂ O and 24.7% H₂ O), 1.9 grams NaOH (50% solutionwith water) and 560 grams H₂ O. Then, 201.6 grams of pyrrolidine wereadded to the above solution, followed by the addition of 924 grams ofcolloidal silica (30% silica and 70% H₂ O). The resulting product wasmixed until a homogeneous gel was formed. The gel was composed of thefollowing components in mole ratios: ##EQU7##

The mixture was maintained at 177° C for 11 days, during which timecrystallization was complete. The product crystals were filtered out ofsolution and water washed continuously for approximately 16 hours andthen dried at 110° C.

X-ray analysis of the crystalline product showed the crystals to havethe following diffraction pattern:

                  TABLE V                                                         ______________________________________                                        2θ        d(A)         I/I.sub.o                                        ______________________________________                                        7.88            11.22        30                                               8.09            10.93        27                                               8.74            10.12        18                                               11.22           7.89         18                                               11.83           7.48         2                                                12.43           7.12         1                                                13.15           6.73         1                                                13.85           6.39         1                                                14.55           6.09         4                                                14.76           6.00         1                                                15.55           5.70         2                                                15.85           5.59         3                                                16.27           5.45         6                                                17.22           5.15         2                                                17.71           5.01         4                                                18.05           4.91         12                                               19.61           4.53         55                                               20.03           4.43         12                                               20.85           4.26         76                                               21.38           4.16         20                                               21.69           4.10         12                                               21.90           4.06         33                                               22.78           3.90         100                                              23.28           3.82         12                                               23.90           3.72         80                                               24.56           3.62         63                                               25.15           3.54         35                                               25.88           3.44         45                                               26.60           3.35         10                                               26.93           3.31         5                                                27.40           3.25         1                                                28.20           3.16         9                                                28.92           3.09         2                                                29.30           3.05         6                                                29.90           2.988        5                                                30.29           2.951        1                                                30.87           2.897        2                                                31.48           2.842        12                                               31.90           2.805        2                                                32.20           2.780        2                                                32.95           2.718        1                                                33.99           2.637        4                                                34.34           2.611        1                                                35.40           2.536        27                                               36.05           2.491        7                                                36.41           2.468        14                                               37.15           2.420        1                                                37.50           2.398        6                                                38.48           2.339        10                                               39.21           2.298        2                                                40.22           2.242        1                                                40.59           2.223        1                                                41.00           2.201        1                                                41.55           2.173        1                                                42.08           2.147        1                                                42.35           2.134        1                                                42.59           2.123        1                                                43.58           2.077        3                                                44.10           2.053        2                                                44.60           2.032        7                                                45.15           2.008        1                                                45.49           1.994        2                                                46.38           1.958        3                                                47.20           1.926        3                                                47.70           1.906        4                                                48.38           1.881        4                                                48.91           1.862        7                                                49.71           1.834        1                                                ______________________________________                                    

Chemical analysis of the crystalline product led to the followingcompositional figures:

    ______________________________________                                                                  Mole Ratio on                                       Composition    Wt. %      Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 Basis                              ______________________________________                                        N              1.34       --                                                  Na             0.09       --                                                  Al.sub.2 O.sub.3                                                                             2.46       1.0                                                 SiO.sub.2      97.6       67.9                                                N.sub.2 O                 2.08                                                Na.sub.2 O                0.08                                                ______________________________________                                    

Physical analysis of the crystalline product after calcination for 16hours at 538° C showed it to have a surface area of 160 l m² /gram andadsorption tests (conducted as described hereinabove) provided thefollowing results:

    ______________________________________                                        Adsorption             Wt. %                                                  ______________________________________                                        Cyclohexane            1.4                                                    n-Hexane               5.1                                                    Water                  5.0                                                    ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 8

ZSM-23 was prepared by forming a solution of 13.2 grams sodium aluminate(43.1% Al₂ O₃, 33.1% Na₂ O and 24.7% H₂ O), 2.72 grams NaOH (50%solution with water) and 240 grams H₂ O. Then, 145.6 grams ofpyrrolidine were added, followed by the addition of 1318 grams ofcolloidal silica (30% silica and 70% H₂ O). The resulting product wasmixed until a homogeneous gel was formed. The gel was composed of thefollowing components in mole ratios: ##EQU8##

The mixture was stirred at 177° C for 2 days, during which timecrystallization was complete. The product crystals were filtered out ofsolution and water washed continuously for approximately 16 hours andthen dried at 110° C.

X-ray analysis of the crystalline product showed the crystals to have adiffraction pattern corresponding to Table I. Additional lines showingthe presence of trace amounts of unidentified crystalline material werealso observed.

Chemical analysis of the crystalline product led to the followingcompositional figures:

    ______________________________________                                                                  Mole Ratio on                                       Composition    Wt. %      Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 Basis                              ______________________________________                                        C              4.96       --                                                  N              1.11       --                                                  Na             0.27       --                                                  Al.sub.2 O.sub.3                                                                             1.65       1.0                                                 SiO.sub.2      96.9       101                                                 N.sub.2 O                 2.68                                                Na.sub.2 O                0.36                                                ______________________________________                                    

Physical analysis of the crystalline product after calcination for 16hours at 538° C showed it to have a surface area of 215 m² /gram andadsorption tests (conducted as described hereinabove) provided thefollowing results:

    ______________________________________                                        Adsorption        Wt. %                                                       ______________________________________                                        Cyclohexane       2.1                                                         n-Hexane          6.1                                                         Water             4.6                                                         ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 9

ZSM-23 was prepared by forming a solution of 6.6 grams sodium aluminate(43.1% Al₂ O₃, 33.1% Na₂ O and 24.7% H₂ O), 2.72 grams NaOH (50%solution with water) and 240 grams H₂ O. Then, 145.6 grams ofpyrrolidine were added, followed by the addition of 1318 grams ofcolloidal silica (30% silica and 70% H₂ O). The resulting product wasmixed until a homogeneous gel was formed. The gel was composed of thefollowing components in mole ratios: ##EQU9##

The mixture was stirred at 177° C for 5 days, during which timecrystallization was complete. The product crystals were filtered out ofsolution and water washed continuously for approximately 16 hours andthen dried at 110° C.

X-ray analysis of the crystalline product showed the crystals to have adiffraction pattern corresponding to Table I. The presence of alphacrystobalite was also observed.

Chemical analysis of the crystalline product led to the followingcompositional figures:

    ______________________________________                                                                  Mole Ratio on                                       Composition    Wt.%       Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 Basis                              ______________________________________                                        N              0.52       --                                                  Na             0.09       --                                                  Al.sub.2 O.sub.3                                                                             0.73       1.0                                                 SiO.sub.2      93.5       217                                                 N.sub.2 O                 2.75                                                Na.sub.2 O                0.26                                                ______________________________________                                    

Physical analysis of the crystalline product after calcination for 16hours at 538° C showed it to have a surface area of 72 m² /gram andadsorption tests (conducted as described hereinabove) provided thefollowing results:

    ______________________________________                                        Adsorption        Wt.%                                                        ______________________________________                                        Cyclohexane       1.2                                                         n-Hexane          2.0                                                         Water             2.3                                                         ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 10

Twenty-five grams of ZSM-23, prepared as described in Example 1, werecontacted five times at 99° C with a 5 weight percent solution of NH₄Cl, each contact being for a period of 1 hour. The resulting producthaving a sodium content of 0.05 weight percent was calcined for 10 hoursat 538° C.

Propylene at 1 liter/hour was passed over 0.25 gram of the abovecatalyst at 315° C and atmospheric pressure. Effluent collected between1 and 2 hours on stream and analyzed showed oligomerization(polymerization) of the propylene charge in an amount corresponding to84.8 weight percent of the liquid product and aromatization of thepropylene charge in an amount corresponding to 18.4 weight percent ofthe liquid product.

EXAMPLE 11

Twenty grams of ZSM-23, prepared as described in Example 5, werecontacted five times at 99° C with a 5 weight percent solution of NH₄Cl, each contact being for a period of 1 hour. The resulting producthaving a sodium content of 0.05 weight percent was calcined for 10 hoursat 538° C.

The resulting catalyst was subjected to the alpha test described by P.B. Weisz and J. N. Miale in Journal of Catalysis 4,527-529 (1965) todetermine cracking rate of n-hexane with the liquid hourly spacevelocity maintained at 3.37 and the temperature maintained at 371° C.The n-hexane cracking rate "alpha" 5 minutes and 25 minutes aftercommencement of flow was 310 and 302 respectively, indicating thecracking activity of the prepared catalyst.

EXAMPLE 12

A 69.7 gram quantity of ZSM-23, prepared as described in Example 8, washeat treated for 3 hours at 538° C in nitrogen and then contacted fourtimes at 82°-93° C with a 10 weight percent solution of NH₄ Cl, eachcontact being for a period of 2 hours. The resulting product having asodium content of 0.03 weight percent was calcined for 10 hours at 538°C and thereafter steamed for 20 hours at 593° C.

The resulting catalyst was contacted with a charge of dimethyl ether ata temperature of 315° C utilizing a WHSV of 1.15 to obtain a conversionof 26.8 percent to hydrocarbons and water. Analysis of the hydrocarbonproduct obtained showed the following weight percent:

    ______________________________________                                        C.sub.5.sup.+     36.1                                                        C.sub.1           11.7                                                        C.sub.2.sup.=     22.0                                                        C.sub.2           1.6                                                         C.sub.3.sup.=     14.6                                                        C.sub.3           3.4                                                         i-C.sub. 4        6.3                                                         C.sub.4.sup.=     4.3                                                         n-C.sub. 4        0                                                           ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 13

Propylene at 1 liter/hour was passed over 0.25 gram of a catalyst,prepared as in Example 12, at 315° C and atmospheric pressure. Effluentcollected between 1 and 2 hours on stream and analyzed showedoligomerization of the propylene charge with the following productanalysis in weight percent:

    ______________________________________                                        C.sub.5.sup.+     80.9                                                        C.sub.1           4.4                                                         C.sub.2.sup.=     0.9                                                         C.sub.2           0.6                                                         C.sub.3.sup.=     3.9                                                         C.sub.3           2.4                                                         C.sub.4.sup.=     5.9                                                         C.sub.4           0.9                                                         ______________________________________                                    

These data show a high yield of a C₅ ⁺ gasoline fraction.

What is claimed is:
 1. A process for effecting catalytic conversion ofan organic compound charge which comprises contacting said charge undercatalytic conversion conditions with a catalyst comprising a syntheticcrystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a composition expressed interms of mole ratios of oxides in the anhydrous state as follows:

    (0.58 to 3.4)M.sub.2/n O : Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : (40 to 250)SiO.sub.2

wherein M is at least one cation having a valence n and having an X-raypowder diffraction pattern substantially as shown in Table I of thespecification, or a thermal decomposition product thereof.
 2. Theprocess of claim 1 wherein said catalyst has a composition in terms ofmole ratios of oxides in the anhydrous state as follows:

    (0.5 to 3.0)R.sub.2 O : (0.08 to 0.4)M.sub.2 O : Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : (40 to 250)SiO.sub.2

wherein R is a nitrogen-containing organic cation and M is an alkalimetal cation.
 3. The process of claim 2 wherein said catalyst has acomposition in terms of mole ratios of oxides in the anhydrous state asfollows:

    (0.7 to 2.8)R.sub.2 O : (0.08 to 0.25)M.sub.2 O : Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : (50 to 220)SiO.sub.2

wherein R is a nitrogen-containing organic cation and M is an alkalimetal cation.
 4. The process of claim 2 wherein R is the organic cationderived from pyrrolidine.
 5. The process of claim 3 wherein R is theorganic cation derived from pyrrolidine.
 6. The process of claim 1wherein said zeolite has its original cations replaced, at least inpart, by ion exchange with a cation or a mixture of cations selectedfrom the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrogen precursors, rareearth metals and metals from Groups IIA, IIIA, IVA, IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB,VIB and VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements.
 7. The process of claim6 wherein said zeolite has its original cations replaced, at least inpart, by ion exchange with hydrogen or hydrogen precursor cations. 8.The process of claim 6 wherein said catalyst has its original cationsreplaced, at least in part, by ion exchange with rare earth metalcations.
 9. The process of claim 6 wherein said catalyst has itsoriginal cations replaced, at least in part, by Group VIII metalcations.
 10. The process of claim 9 wherein said metal cations arenickel.
 11. The process of claim 1 wherein said catalytic conversion isconducted in a flow apparatus and said conversion conditions include atemperature of from about 35° to about 650° C, a pressure of from aboutatmospheric to about 10,000 psig, a mole ratio of added hydrogen/organiccompound of from 0 to about 20 and a WHSV of from about 0.1 to about 50hr⁻¹.
 12. The process of claim 1 wherein said catalytic conversion isconducted in a batch apparatus and said conversion conditions include atemperature of from about 35° to about 650° C, a pressure of from aboutatmospheric to about 10,000 psig, a mole ratio of added hydrogen/organiccompound of from 0 to about 20 and a contact time of from about 0.01 toabout 48 hours.
 13. The process of claim 11 wherein said conversion isaromatization and said conversion conditions include a temperature offrom about 315° to about 650° C, a pressure of from about 15 to about10,000 psig, a mole ratio of added hydrogen/organic compound of from 0to about 20 and a weight hourly space velocity of from about 0.1 toabout 10 hr⁻¹.
 14. The process of claim 12 wherein said conversion isaromatization and said conversion conditions include a temperature offrom about 315° to about 650° C, a pressure of from about 15 to about10,000 psig, a mole ratio of added hydrogen/organic compound of from 0to about 20 and a contact time of from about 0.1 to about 48 hours. 15.The process of claim 11 wherein said conversion is cracking and saidconversion conditions include a temperature of from about 370° to about650° C, a pressure of from about atmospheric to about 200 psig and aweight hourly space velocity of from about 0.5 to about 50 hr⁻¹.
 16. Theprocess of claim 12 wherein said conversion is cracking and saidconversion conditions include a temperature of from about 370° to about650° C, a pressure of from about atmospheric to about 200 psig and acontact time of from about 0.01 to about 24 hours.
 17. The process ofclaim 11 wherein said conversion is hydrocracking and said conversionconditions include a temperature of from about 200° to about 540° C, apressure of from about 100 psig to about 3,500 psig, a mole ratio ofadded hydrogen/organic compound of from about 1 to about 20 and a weighthourly spaced velocity of from about 0.1 to about 10 hr⁻¹.
 18. Theprocess of claim 12 wherein said conversion is hydrocracking and saidconversion conditions include a temperature of from about 200° to about540° C, a pressure of from about 100 to about 3,500 psig, a mole ratioof added hydrogen/organic compound of from about 1 to about 20 and acontact time of from about 0.1 to about 10 hours.
 19. The process ofclaim 11 wherein said conversion is polymerization and said conversionconditions include a temperature of from about 35° to about 500° C, apressure of from about atmospheric to about 4,000 psig, a mole ratio ofadded hydrogen/organic compound of from 0 to about 20 and a weighthourly space velocity of from about 0.1 to about 50 hr⁻¹.
 20. Theprocess of claim 12 wherein said conversion is polymerization and saidconversion conditions include a temperature of from about 35° to about500° C, a pressure of from about atmospheric to about 4,000 psig, a moleratio of added hydrogen/organic compound of from 0 to about 20 and acontact time of from about 0.1 to about 48 hours.
 21. The process ofclaim 6 wherein said catalytic conversion is conducted in a flowapparatus and said conversion conditions include a temperature of fromabout 35° to about 650° C, a pressure of from about atmospheric to about10,000 psig, a mole ratio of added hydrogen/organic compound of from 0to about 20 and a weight hourly space velocity of from about 0.1 toabout 50 hr⁻¹.
 22. The process of claim 6 wherein said catalyticconversion is conducted in a batch apparatus and said conversionconditions include a temperature of from about 35° to about 650° C, apressure of from about atmospheric to about 10,000 psig, a mole ratio ofadded hydrogen/organic compound of from 0 to about 20 and a contact timeof from about 0.1 to about 48 hours.
 23. The process of claim 21 whereinsaid conversion is aromatization and said conversion conditions includea temperature of from about 315° to about 650° C, a pressure of fromabout 15 to about 10,000 psig, a mole ratio of added hydrogen/organiccompound of from 0 to about 20 and a weight hourly space velocity offrom about 0.1 to about 10 hr⁻¹.
 24. The process of claim 22 whereinsaid conversion is aromatization and said conversion conditions includea temperature of from about 315° to about 650° C, a pressure of fromabout 15 to about 10,000 psig, a mole ratio of added hydrogen/organiccompound of from 0 to about 20 and a contact time of from about 0.1 toabout 48 hours.
 25. The process of claim 21 wherein said conversion iscracking and said conversion conditions include a temperature of fromabout 370° to about 650° C, a pressure of from about atmospheric toabout 200 psig and a weight hourly space velocity of from about 0.5 toabout 50 hr⁻¹.
 26. The process of claim 22 wherein said conversion iscracking and said conversion conditions include a temperature of fromabout 370° to about 650° C, a pressure of from about atmospheric toabout 200 psig and a contact time of from about 0.01 to about 24 hours.27. The process of claim 21 wherein said conversion is hydrocracking andsaid conversion conditions include a temperature of from about 200° toabout 540° C, a pressure of from about 100 to about 3,500 psig, a moleratio of added hydrogen/organic compound of from about 1 to about 20 anda weight hourly space velocity of from about 0.1 to about 10 hr⁻¹. 28.The process of claim 22 wherein said conversion is hydrocracking andsaid conversion conditions include a temperature of from about 200° toabout 540° C, a pressure of from about 100 to about 3,500 psig, a moleratio of added hydrogen/organic compound of from about 1 to about 20 anda contact time of from about 0.1 to about 10 hours.
 29. The process ofclaim 21 wherein said conversion is polymerization and said conversionconditions include a temperature of from about 35° to about 500° C, apressure of from about atmospheric to about 4,000 psig, a mole ratio ofadded hydrogen/organic compound of from 0 to about 20 and a weighthourly space velocity of from about 0.1 to about 50 hr⁻¹.
 30. Theprocess of claim 22 wherein said conversion is polymerization and saidconversion conditions include a temperature of from about 35° to about500° C, a pressure of from about atmospheric to about 4,000 psig, a moleratio of added hydrogen/organic compound of from 0 to about 20 and acontact time of from about 0.1 to about 48 hours.
 31. The process ofclaim 7 wherein said conversion is cracking and said conversionconditions include a temperature of from about 370° to about 650° C, apressure of from about atmospheric to about 200 psig and a weight hourlyspace velocity of from about 0.5 to about 50 hr⁻¹.
 32. The process ofclaim 7 wherein said conversion is cracking and said conversionconditions include a temperature of from about 370° to about 650° C, apressure of from about atmospheric to about 200 psig and contact time offrom about 0.01 to about 24 hours.